Pancreatitis

What is Pancreatitis?

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, a gland located behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones. This condition occurs when digestive enzymes activate while still in the pancreas, causing tissue damage and inflammation.

Types of Pancreatitis

1. Acute Pancreatitis
   • Sudden inflammation
   • May resolve within days with treatment
   • Can be life-threatening in severe cases

2. Chronic Pancreatitis
   • Long-term inflammation
   • Permanent organ damage
   • Progressive loss of pancreatic function

Common Symptoms

• Upper abdominal pain that radiates to the back
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fever
• Rapid pulse
• Tender abdomen
• Weight loss
Risk Factors
• Gallstones
• Heavy alcohol consumption
• High triglyceride levels
• Certain medications
• Family history
• Smoking
Diagnosis Methods
• Blood tests to measure enzyme levels
• Imaging tests:

1. CT scan

2. MRI

3. Ultrasound

4. ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography)

Treatment Approaches

1. Initial treatment:
   • Fasting to rest the pancreas
   • Intravenous fluids
   • Pain management

2. Long-term management:
   • Dietary modifications
   • Enzyme supplements
   • Treatment of underlying conditions
   • Lifestyle changes

Complications

• Pancreatic pseudocysts
• Organ failure
• Diabetes
• Malnutrition
• Increased risk of pancreatic cancer