GERD

What is GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus. This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of the esophagus, causing inflammation and discomfort.

Common Symptoms

• Heartburn (burning sensation in chest)

• Regurgitation of food or sour liquid

• Difficulty swallowing

• Chest pain

• Chronic cough

• Disrupted sleep patterns

Risk Factors

• Obesity

• Pregnancy

• Hiatal hernia

• Smoking

• Eating large meals

• Lying down soon after eating

Diagnostic Methods

• Upper endoscopy

• Ambulatory pH monitoring

• Esophageal manometry

• X-ray of upper digestive system

Treatment Options

Medications:

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

• H2 blockers

• Antacids

Lifestyle Changes:

• Weight management

• Avoiding trigger foods

• Eating smaller meals

• Elevating head of bed

Complications

• Barrett’s esophagus

• Esophagitis

• Esophageal stricture

• Respiratory problems

• Dental erosion

Prevention Strategies

• Maintaining healthy weight

• Avoiding late-night meals

• Quitting smoking

• Wearing loose-fitting clothes

• Managing stress levels